Polyphenol classification tree, for reference:
Polyphenols ├── Flavonoids │ ├── Flavonols (e.g., quercetin, kaempferol) │ ├── Flavones (e.g., luteolin, apigenin) │ ├── Flavanones (e.g., naringenin, hesperetin) │ ├── Flavanols / Flavan-3-ols (e.g., catechin, epicatechin) │ ├── Anthocyanidins / Anthocyanins (e.g., cyanidin, delphinidin) │ ├── Isoflavones (e.g., daidzein, genistein) │ ├── Flavanonols (e.g., taxifolin) │ └── Chalcones (open-chain flavonoids) ├── Phenolic Acids │ ├── Hydroxybenzoic acids (e.g., gallic acid, protocatechuic acid) │ └── Hydroxycinnamic acids (e.g., caffeic acid, ferulic acid, chlorogenic acid) ├── Stilbenes (e.g., resveratrol) └── Lignans (e.g., secoisolariciresinol, matairesinol)